M_nt_l Dsord_r Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

M_nt_l Dsord_r - Essay Example MENTAL DISORDER Mð µntð °l Dñâ€"sordð µr Willie Dweh MD-908-1055076 THE WARWICK UNIVERSITY Submitted in satisfaction of the evaluation necessity for the Postgraduate honor in reasoning, Psychopathology and Ethics of Mental Health. Word check: 7000 WARWICK MEDICAL SCHOOL TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..4 Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....4 Uses of Mental Health Classifications†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....6 Epistemological States of emotional well-being Classifications†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.6 ICD-10 System of Classification of Mental Disorders†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.11 Main Principles and Concepts for Classification of Mental Disorders†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..12 Unit of Classification: Definition of Mental Disorder†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦13 Threshold for Illness†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦14 Four Features of Mental Disorder†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..15 Clinical Significance†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....17 Classification by Syndrome Similarity†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.18 Theoretical Approach†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦19 Classification Approach: Mind, Brain, or Context†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....20 International Use: Need for Universalism and Diversity†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...21 Etic versus Emic Approaches†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦21 Categorical and Dimensional Models†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã ¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦..31 The idea of Comorbidity†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦23 Future of Mental Health Classifications†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.........†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..23 References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.26 Abstract Mental issue or mental ailment is Ð ° mental or bð µhð °vñâ€"orð °l appearance generally connected with individual Ð °nguñâ€"sh or a dñâ€"sð °bñâ€"lñâ€"ty that occurs on an individually premise and isn't an outcome run of the mill formative development nor is it an aftereffect of culture or cultural impact. Clinical acknowledgment and appreciation of mental precariousness has created over the most recent 200 years. The errors in approach of determination, assessment grouping despite everything exist despite the fact that benchmark crñâ€"tð µrñâ€"Ð ° are comprehensively Ð °ccð µptð µd. [A couple of mental issue are Ã'â€"dð µntñâ€"fñâ€"Ð µd established on the dð °mð °gð µ to othð µr ones, dð µspñâ€"tð µ of the subject's Ã'â€"nsñâ€"ght of distress.] [Over 30% of the populace in many countries report gð °thð µrñâ€"ng crñâ€"tð µrñâ€"Ð ° for the forð µmost clð °ssð µs Ð °t somð µ Ã'â€"ssuð µ Ã'â€"n thð µÃ±â€"r lñâ€"vð µs (Roy, 2002).] Two models are utilized to decide mental scatters: the diathesis model and the bio psychosocial model. Dñâ€"Ð °gnosð µs Ð °rð µ mð °dð µ by psychñâ€"Ð °trñâ€"sts or clñâ€"nñâ€"cð °l therapists' utñâ€"lñâ€"sñâ€"ng dñâ€"vð µrsð µ techniques. Psychotherapy and psychñâ€"Ð °trñâ€"c mð µdñâ€"cð °tñâ€"on Ð °rð µ two first cure decisions as are social Ã'â€"ntð µrvð µntñâ€"ons, bunch backing and self improvement. In some sñâ€"tuð °tñâ€"ons there might be Ã'â€"nvoluntð °ry duty. There is still a lot of social disgrace and dñâ€"scrñâ€"mñâ€"nð °tñâ€"on which has been Ð °dded to thð µ pð °Ã±â€"n related with mental clutters. Local gatherings have waged holy war for change (M

Sorry Quotes to Help You Say Sorry Like You Mean It

Sorry Quotes to Help You Say Sorry Like You Mean It Have you at any point felt so grieved that you couldnt rest? Have you encountered extraordinary blame for unconsciously harming somebody? Blame is a compelling feeling, and it can cause sentiments of uselessness, disgrace, and misery. The main route around it is to offer some kind of reparation and apologize. Alexander Pope stated, To fail is human; to excuse, divine. It is normal for people to commit errors. You can't wipe the tears with just words. Nonetheless, if the aim is earnest, and the regret ardent, a few injuries can be recuperated. Regret ought to go before the statement of regret. Also, the statement of regret ought to be joined by healing activity. In the event that you need to apologize for something and you in all seriousness, sorry statements. Monica Lewinsky Furthermore, I felt sorry, and I have felt terrible about what occurred. Dale Carnegie Feeling frustrated about yourself, and your current condition, isn't just a misuse of vitality however the most noticeably awful propensity you might have. Bjork Football is a ripeness celebration. Eleven sperm attempting to get into the egg. I feel frustrated about the goalkeeper. Arthur Ransome Get an opportunity and you wont be upset for a might-have-been. Leon Czolgosz I am not sorry for my wrongdoing. Benjamin Disraeli Conciliatory sentiments just record for that which they don't change. David Herbert Lawrence I never observed a wild thing sorry for itself. A little feathered creature will drop solidified dead from a limb while never having felt frustrated about itself. April Winchell I can wholeheartedly apologize for not being at all heartbroken. What's more, it truly is the least I can do. Angela Merkel I feel sorry here and there for these athletes and ladies who put in the same amount of exertion as the footballers. For instance, competitors train at any rate as hard as footballers yet must be cheerful on the off chance that they can acquire enough to back a not too bad instruction. Estelle Getty On the off chance that adoration implies never saying youre grieved, at that point marriage implies continually saying everything twice. Wayne Newton Theres no room in my life for feeling frustrated about myself. Master Charles Beresford Sorry cant come. Untruth follows by post. Aesop We would regularly be heartbroken if our desires were satisfied. Dan Heist At the point when you understand youve committed an error, present appropriate reparations right away. Its simpler to try to back-peddle while its despite everything warm. Mignon McLaughlin Genuine regret is never only a lament over result; it is a lament over intention. Harriet Beecher Stowe The bitterest tears shed over graves are for words left implied and for deeds left fixed. Edgar Watson Howe You can make up a squabble, however it will consistently show where it was fixed. Margaret Laurence In certain families, if you don't mind is depicted as the enchantment word. In our home, be that as it may, it was heartbroken. Robert Fulghum Follow the rules. Dont hit individuals. State youre sorry when you hurt someone. Edward N. Westcott On the off chance that Ive done anything Im sorry for, Im ready to be pardoned. Mccain Edwin The words are totally gone, the occasions been excessively long however its not very late to state Im sorry to a companion. Demi Moore The things two individuals do to one another they recall. On the off chance that they remain together, its not on the grounds that they overlook; this is on the grounds that they excuse. Claire London I have discovered that occasionally sorry isn't sufficient. Here and there you really need to change. Gandhi The frail can never excuse. Pardoning is the quality of the solid. H. L. Mencken Spouse: one who is sorry she did it, yet would without a doubt do it once more. Robert Burns Im genuinely sorry keeps an eye on territory has broken Natures social association. Lionel Blue ï » ¿What would I have done if Id been scrutinized? Would I have taken a chance with my own life for individuals I barely knew? Most likely, I would have looked the other route, best case scenario or become another theological rationalist for abhorrent even from a pessimistic standpoint.

Anasazi essays

Anasazi articles What truly befell the Anasazi; The Crisis of the Thirteenth Century The Anasazi are progenitors of the present-day Pueblo, Zuni, and Hopi clans of New Mexico and Arizona. The Anasazi angled, chased little game, and accumulated wild nourishments. They in the long run began to manufacture expand structures called precipice homes, moving ceaselessly from the underground pit houses. They utilized a modern water system framework to help their human advancement. Utilizing dams and dams, shaped porches, and supplies, the Anasazi capitalized on the sandy soil and constrained precipitation in their desert atmosphere. A few archeologists and students of history accepted that an absence of precipitation prompted the death of the Anasazi. Different researchers accept that savagery caused the defeat of the Anasazi. Alongside assaults from the neighboring clan, the Navajo, the Cannibalism hypothesis gives an increasingly down to earth clarification to the vanishing of the Anasazi. What caused the Anasazi individuals, who had one of the most modern human advancements in North America, to surrender their lovely stone residences in the mid-twelfth century? Probably the most punctual hypothesis was the Great Drought hypothesis, introduced by A.E Douglass, a history specialist and paleontologist. He found new methods for tree ring dating, called dendrochronology, he at that point graphed the tree rings in living trees and covered and coordinated them with those found in wooden bars from progressively more seasoned archeological locales. Douglass found that there was an incredible dry spell in the American West somewhere in the range of 1276 and 1299, about when Anasazi urban areas had been In spite of the fact that the Great Drought hypothesis has been utilized to clarify the vanishing of the Anasazi for a long time, researcher and archeologists are revealing new proof that could improve the comprehension of why the Anasazi left their homes in the Midwest. Christy Turner, an educator of physical human sciences at Arizona State University, wrote a book called... <!

The Companies That Inspire Business Majors

The Companies That Inspire Business Majors by: Jeff Schmitt on July 18, 2019 | 0 Comments Comments 1,465 Views July 18, 2019On the surface, Patagonia doesn’t seem all that unique. The company sells outdoor clothing and gear – wetsuits, waders, and workwear along with backpacks, bags, and bottles. You can find similar items at The North Face †¦ or Cabela’s for that matter. It isn’t the best place for adventurers on a budget, either.So how did they develop such a fervent following? Simple: Patagonia built their company around a mission: one that resonates deeply with the nature lovers, free spirits, and optimists who populate their customer ranks.LOVING THE PRODUCTS†¦AND THE MISSIONU.C.-Berkeleys Zoe Bhargavaâ€Å"I truly admire Patagonia because of its commitment towards social welfare,† writes Dhanushka Kadawatharatchie, a 2019 graduate of Cornell University’s Dyson School of Applied Economics and Management. â€Å"Patagoniaâ €™s mission statement is, Build the best product, cause no unnecessary harm, and use business to inspire and implement solutions to the environmental crisis. The firm has truly embodied this message of sustainability in its actions and serves as a role model for other companies who seem to speak about social welfare, but don’t necessarily act in accordance with their words.†These actions inspired many of the top business majors from this spring’s graduating class. Zoe Bhargava, who joined Twitter this summer after graduating from U.C.-Berkeley’s Haas School of Business, touts Patagonia’s commitment to corporate social responsibility, such as closing on Election Day to encourage employees to vote. Indiana University’s Simona Stancov admires the firm for making products from organic cotton and recycled materials. That doesn’t count the nearly $90 million dollars the firm has donated to environmental groups.In other words, notes the U niversity of North Carolina’s Alexis Hartigan, Patagonia is one of those rare finds. It is a company of conscience that pays close attention to how its practices truly impact the larger world. â€Å"It engages in sustainable fair-trade efforts,† Hartigan explains. â€Å"To reduce waste, Patagonia even offers a lifetime repair policy that satisfies customers as well as the environment. Beyond its immediate business decisions, the company also actively seeks to help in other ways. After the federal tax cut, Patagonia gave all the money it would have saved from the tax cut to environmental causes.†Bhargava boils the company’s appeal down to one sentence: â€Å"Patagonia not only a company whose products I am eager to wear but also a company that I am proud to support.†A WIDE ARRAY OF INDUSTRIES AND PHILOSOPHIESThis â€Å"Do well and do good† ethos stirred the Class of 2019’s imagination. However, the Best Brightest Business Majors were swayed by more than a company’s intentions. Some were drawn to disruptors who challenged complacency, doing what others couldn’t or wouldn’t to open up new possibilities. Others found role models in incumbents, who navigating the digital age by continuously investing and adapting. Beyond the siren call of innovation, they learned the fundamental values of strategy and execution, how an uncompromising commitment to service and quality is the foundation for any sustainable business model.Cornell Universitys Marissa BlockAsk the Best Brightest for a favorite company and you’ll rarely receive the same answer. They lauded retailers and restaurants, startups and conglomerates. Their choices range from Pixar to Berkshire Hathaway to the Golden State Warriors. While the Class of 2019 naturally gravitated to high tech, many also hailed companies that were innovating in seemingly-stale spaces like groceries and luggage. In many cases, these top business majors had already interned with these firms. Here, they tasted what made them so special: they knew their customers, cared about their employees, gave back to their communities, and strove to be their very best every day.This year, PoetsQuants asked these Best Brightest Business Majors to share the companies they admired the most – the role models whose values they plan to emulate as their careers progress. Here is a sampling of the companies that have inspired and influenced the future leaders of business.Airbnb: â€Å"While many hospitality industry professionals are terrified of Airbnb, I think the company has truly shaken an industry that was getting too comfortable. What Airbnb saw is that people are looking for unique, authentic experiences when traveling. In its success, the hospitality industry has had to take an internal look, leading to great progress. As a design fiend, I have especially seen this ring true in the physical design of many great hotels, where local attribut es are being built even into chain hotels.† Marissa Block, Cornell University ALDI: â€Å"I have come to admire ALDI because they are truly experts at efficiency. They are constantly striving to maximize their efficiency at every level of their business in order to continue to provide their customers with high-quality products at the best possible prices. Furthermore, they invest heavily in their employees and are sincere about providing real opportunities for their employees to grow.† Dylan Brooks, University of North Carolina (Kenan-Flagler) Amazon: â€Å"Back in 1998, Jeff Bezos told his investors that they were not investing in a company that would provide them with short-term profit; they were investing in the future of the world – a long-term project that will eventually take over everything. Bezos effectively communicated his vision and attracted some of the wealthiest, most mission-driven individuals to be the backbone and the fuel for Amazon. As Amazon started to erupt in profit in 2012, Amazon’s investors are still choosing to reinvest into the business to fuel this business machine to take over the world. Amazon succeeds in customer service, product delivery speed, and shopping convenience. At the same time, Amazon keeps reinvesting capital to raise the bar to where no other competitors can match. A great metaphor to describe Amazon is that it has the world’s largest oxygen tank. While Amazon jumped in the ocean with the largest tank, it also forced its competitors to jump in, except no one can last as long as Amazon can.† Taylor Huang, Texas University (Neeley)Worcester Polytechnic Institutes Riley Dohertyâ€Å"I remember in my freshman year of high school when my teacher asked what I thought of Amazon compared to eBay. I responded to her that it felt so much safer, that it was a trustworthy site. Amazon realized that consumers value trust when they are looking to purchase a product or service on the intern et and they really ran with it. It has been able to grow to this remarkable level that it is at now because consumers were able to simply trust them. Starting with things as simple as books before moving into areas like music, movies, and even food. Many companies take consumers trust for granted, but Amazon is completely aware of it and has used it to propel their business into a new dimension.† Adriele Almeida, University of Massachusetts Amherst (Isenberg) â€Å"Living in today’s world, we see the impact that technology plays in every aspect of our lives. As a consumer, we benefit in many ways, but companies are now forced to be constantly re-evaluating their position and finding ways to adapt to the changing environment. I admire the way that Amazon has continued to reinvent itself and grow in this rapidly-changing marketplace. They have expanded their business model from being an online bookstore to now offering video services, web services, music, and devices. Th e bold move to acquire Whole Foods now finds them in the brick-and-mortar storefront business. Who would have thought that an online bookstore would be in a position to take on the likes of Walmart, but with the Whole Foods acquisition Amazon may be the one.† Riley Doherty, Worcester Polytechnic Institute (Fosie) â€Å"I hate to be clichà ©, but Amazon! Amazon knew what the world needed before the world knew they needed it. That type of innovation is so unique and awe-inspiring to me.† Lauren Nobile, Miami University (Farmer) Page 1 of 41234 »

Is Abortion Morally Permissible - 1879 Words

Abortion is morally permissible in all cases; regardless of how the pregnancy came about. The question of whether the fetus is granted personhood at conception or anytime during its development is entirely irrelevant. The right to control your own body often trumps someone’s right to life. Even if you declare personhood to the fetus, it does not determine the morality of abortion. Whether it is â€Å"killing an innocent child† or not does not take away the fact that this country has time and time again proven that the right to control our property nevertheless our body is much more weighted on the scale of what has more value when put up against an individual’s right to life. Just like how you can not be forced to donate a kidney to save†¦show more content†¦The director of the hospital apologizes for what the Society of Music Lovers had done and said the hospital would not have allowed it if they had known; however, the violinist would only have to be attached for nine months and by then the violinist would have fully recovered and would be unplugged. The violinist story is used as an analogy that sums up the burden an involuntary pregnancy can be, especially when it is forced upon you against your will. The individual represents a victim of rape who became pregnant non-voluntarily. The violinist being the fetus and the Society of Music Lovers, the rapist. In both the violinist story and the case of where the 15 year old girl was raped and became pregnant, the actions that took place were involuntary. The difference being that when reading the violinist story the most common reaction is outrage that someone’s body was tampered with without consent. No one would call the individual a â€Å"monster† for demanding to be removed from the violinist. Detaching from the violinist is the individual asserting his or her right to control his or her body even though the violinist is a person and the consequence would be its d eath. Being attached would interfere with any educational or career plans that were put in place before the operation. Staying attached for the nine months would obviously

Leadership Lessons From Beowulf and Oedipus Essay

Leadership can be defined as the ability of a superior to influence the behavior of a minor or group and persuade them to follow a particular course of action. A leader sets a course of action and ensures that everyone follows the action. Leading can apply to leading oneself, other individuals, groups, organizations and societies. The nature of how leading is done depends on the framework of the situation, ones point of view, and on the nature and needs of those involved. While leadership is learned, the skills and knowledge processed by the leader are influenced by their traits, such as beliefs, values, ethics, and most importantly character. Knowledge and skills directly relate to the process of leadership, while the other qualities†¦show more content†¦Beowulf fought for the devotion of his own country and the name of his own family. This is shown, when Beowulf takes on the dragon without the proper help. At that time, Beowulf was old and weary, which caused him to have a slim chance of winning. Against all odds, Beowulf took on the dragon for the safety of his people. In the end Beowulf succeeded, but had to take his own life to finally slay the dragon. He chose the lives of his people rather than his. He truly fought for the glory. In society today, money has become the only option for a lot of people. In many professional sports today, players are choosing money as their final decision to play for a team. Players would rather take the option of more money, than play for a title contending team. Ultimately, Americans can be called somewhat greedy today. Another lesson that one can learn from Beowulf is to fight for what you believe in. A leader should use his beliefs to accomplish whatever is ahead of him, and not waste their talents on something they don’t truly want to fight for. During the story, Beowulf fought all of the monsters because he thought that was the right thing to do. Beowulf was born into a well-known family, which fought m onster after monster. He was raised to follow in the footsteps of his father. His father was a great king, so Beowulf was taught the ways of being a great leader, which led to his strong character. Ultimately, Beowulf believed that he was doing theShow MoreRelatedLeadership in Beowulf, Oedipus the King, and Antigone1860 Words   |  8 PagesLeadership can be defined as the ability of a superior to influence the behavior of a minor or group and persuade them to follow a particular course of action. A leader sets a course of action and ensures that everyone follows the action. Leading can apply to leading oneself, other individuals, groups, organizations and societies. The nature of how leading is done depends on the framework of the situation, ones point of view, and on the nature and needs of those involved. While leadership is learned

Capture Theory and Public Interest - Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Capture Theory and Public Interest. Answer: Introduction: Entry for a foreign investor in the Indian market has to be necessarily marked by a proper strategy. The strategy basically depends on the prevailing conditions like opportunities, type of business, investment sector and many more. The foreign investors can either setup their own entity or can establish a LLP (Limited Liability Partnership). The LLP is different from normal Indian entities and has to be considered under a different set of rules i.e. Limited Liability Partnership Act 2008 whereas the other national businesses are treated under the Companies Act 2013 (Basu Mishra, 2015). The Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Government of India guides the Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion which is liable to issue the Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) policy every year in respect to the foreign investments made in the country. The structure of the policy is made by the rules and regulation made by The Reserve Bank of India, Indias central bank. Only a handful of segments like insurance, real estate and non-banking financial corporation are the ones that are monitored and require apt permission while the other type of investments are free to be made in any conditions. FDI into LLPs is also permitted but only with respect to certain conditions. Also changes in the FDI may be expected by the Indian government as it has plans to attract greater foreign investments and capital (Iyengar, 2015). Income Tax is managed as per the Income Tax Act 1961, while the indirect tax which includes: Value added Tax Custom and Excise Duty can be altered as per the central and state laws. Corporate Tax which is currently 30% is about to get reduced to 25% as per the government. The government is also making plans and is set to introduce Goods and Sales Tax (GST) by 2016 which would remove the complexity of different taxes (Panchal, 2016). Exit strategy and dispute settlement in India It is well known that getting in the market is a very pressure related thing which should have alternatives and tight precautions which is referred to as the Exit strategy. An exit strategy is important because: If the partnership isnt on the same track. If a part of the authority gets into financial troubles. If the goals of the company with respect to the partner changes. Changes in market circumstances or environment. Cashing out on a project that is triumphant. Settlement of disputes in India Court system is prevalent in India to manage both central and state laws. This system is divided into three levels: The lower district courts. The high courts. The Supreme court- apex court of India. It takes time for cases to get solved in India due to the previously accumulated cases. So the commercial problems are managed in an alternate way which is named as Arbitration. A comparability test was run between the Ind AS and the IFRS which resulted in major deviation and many other differences in other areas. In respect to mandatory deviation, it was seen that IFRS offers multiple policy choices while Ind AS lays stress on one. These include: IFRS allows the income statement to be presented separately while Ind AS demands for a summoned one. IFRS categorizes profit and loss on the basis of function while Ind AS does it on nature. Categorization of interest and dividend as financing/investing cash flows. The above mentioned points can be a test for Indian companies if they reside under a global brand which follows other international rules. Another matter arises where a company has the right to follow the prescribed IFRS or to function as per another set of alternative rules. Singapore has a central location in the Asian Pacific which makes it the hub of many financial institutions which have chosen it as their headquarters or primary settled place. According to the recent records, Singapore is only behind London and New York in the Global Financial Index Centre. Singapore recently beat Japan to become the largest financial exchange hub in the whole of Asia (Li-ann, 2012). All the financial exchanges all over Singapore are maintained by the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS). The MAS is also the central bank of Singapore. The MAS takes over on: Merchant banks. Financial advisers. Business trusts. Payments and settlement systems. Securities and future fund management. Money brokers. Finance companies. Trust companies, and Money-charging and remittance businesses. As per MAS. (2018), six key operations of MAS to manage the above segments are: Financial surveillance. Exercising resolution powers over financial institutions. Regulation, this includes setting risk-based capital and prudential requirements. Authorization, this includes monitoring the institutions which provide financial services in Singapore. Monitoring any rule breach by financial institutions, including prudential and anti-money laundering and eliminating the financing of terrorism (AML/CFT), and Enforcement, which includes strict action against those institutions and individuals who breach prudential, AML/CFT and market conduct requirements (Shenoy et. al, 2009). There are other authorities as well which monitor and manage the conducts of business in Singapore like: The Accounting and Corporate Regulatory Authority (ACRA), which maintains the business entities. The Singapore Exchange (SGX), which is the lone stock exchange in Singapore. It also has a key role in dictatorial processes related to: Member supervision. Issuer regulation. Listings, and Market surveillance. Legislation and other non-statutory publications There are different legislative rules for managing the above sectors: The Financial Advisers Act. The Business Trust Act. The Finance Companies Act. The Banking Act. The Insurance Act. The Money-Changing and Remittance Business Act. The Monetary Authority of Singapore Act. The Securities and Futures Act, and The Trust Companies Act. All the instructions, procedures, codes, circulars, FAQs and notifications are introduced by the MAS with respect to powers issued as per the Monetary Authority of Singapore Act, as it is the lone financial services monitoring system for the abovementioned legislation (Andrew Boon Leong, 2012). IFRS Singapore has a dense structured IFRS in comparison to Malaysia and Indonesia. But some problems still prevail in IFRS with relation to the financial services. It was considered positive but still, the question was raised to whether it is useful and meaningful or not which have proved to be nonsense as the IFRS has been a success for accumulating capital exchanges on a high in Singapore. Analysis of Environment of India and Singapore using Capture theory The theory of regulatory capture theory might be useful because the impact of government regulation is intended for addressing the requirements of industry regulation. This means that legislators are captured by the industry, the regulation organization will be controlled by the industry finally, and the lawmen as a whole also become captured by the industry. Hence, the government regulations legislatures or government regulatory organizations facilitate in representing only the groups having special interests instead of the common public. In other words, the regulation of government intends to attain social benefits while the outcome of the special interest group is rent-seeking in nature. However, in some of the cases, government regulations can also bring various advantages for benefiting the common public but it is not the original government intention of implementation and regulation of the government (Mankiw William, 2011). In contrast to this, it is the accidental outcome of the regulation at the most. The first and foremost characteristic that sheds light on the fact that a regulatory environment may be captured is the economic rationale of such environment. The reason behind such perspective can be attributed to the fact that vested interests in an industry can have the highest financial holding in regulatory activity and are more likely to be encouraged to affect the regulatory body than the dispersed individual consumers, each of whom has very minimal incentives to try to influence the regulators (Mankiw Taylor, 2011). Furthermore, capture can also be implemented in situations wherein taxpayers or consumers have very little or poor understanding of underlying issues and the businesses enjoy a knowledgeable advantage. It is also notable that a regulatory agency must be safeguarded from outside influence as much as possible. In relation to this, it must be noted that large industries that possess a huge amount of power and resources can easily capture the regulatory bodies and u se such power to block rules at the state, provincial, or federal level that the voters may desire even though domestic interests can thwart national priorities. Hence, this is another characteristic which states that large companies having a relationship with federalism might shed light upon the fact that the regulatory environment is captured as a whole. For instance, industries associated with mining, banking, energy, construction of weapon systems, etc can easily outperform the regulatory environment and make it perform according to its wishes. In addition to this, when it can be seen that there are transfers of job betwixt the regulated and the regulator, it highlights the presence of a captured regulatory environment (World Bank, 2014). Similarly, when there is an evidence of payment from the regulated to the regulator, it signifies that the regulatory environment is captured. For example, when it comes to India, it can be observed that people who retire from Nuclear Power Corporation of India Ltd are again employed in higher positions in AERB (Atomic Energy Regulatory Board). Such AERB is the nuclear regulator in India whereas NPCIL is a PSU owned by the Indian government. Such change of jobs shed light on the interests of conflicts that prevail. Besides, it has also been witnessed that the advisory committee of AERB are accommodated with people retired from or serving in NPCIL, DAE (Department of Atomic Energy), etc. Furthermore, the funding for the AERB also comes from the DAE whose nuclear installations are needed to be regulated by the AERB. Hence, the characteristic of funding betwixt the regulator and regulator is also fulfilled in this scenario as the independence of AERB is compromised. These characteristics clearly shed light on the fact that AERB is captured (Potter, 2014). Nevertheless, this also portrays a question mark whether the AERB being the nuclear regulator of India is serving the interests of its people in an effective way. In Singapore, the entire financial segment is governed by the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS) and it is also one of the few banks that operates with the government by reporting directly to the P.M. This is the reason why the Singapore government decided to appoint a cabinet minister as the chairman of MAS. This sheds light on the fact that there is a norm of transfer of jobs between the regulated and the regulator. Besides, MAS being a single financial sector governing entity is prone to risks from becoming succumbed to group think or politicised as a whole. Such sectoral model is clearly prone to a regulatory capture because firstly, there is a single powerful entity who is governing the entire financial sector of Singapore and secondly, the authority has a relationship with federalism wherein it has to sit and operate with the government of Singapore. Therefore, if the government had d ecided to appoint its cabinet minister as the first chairman of MAS, there has to be some kind of relationship whether economic or not, betwixt the government and the bank. Nevertheless, it may be feasible that the bank must have had some materialistic capture motive that has resulted in the government taking such illogical step. In such regulatory capture, the captured regulators purpose is entirely based on self-interest (Regine, 2012). Therefore, it might have happened that the decision of appointment of a cabinet minister as the chairman of MAS has resulted from political donations, bribery, or regulators wishes to sustain the funding of the government (Christina, 2008). However, the successive governments have played a key role in the present scenario by making the arrangement work through fiscal responsibilities and avoidance from interfering in the day to day affairs of MAS. Conclusion Regulatory capture theory is a part of the economics of rules and regulations. It intends to describe the rationale and reality of the governments economic regulation. From the aforesaid analysis, capture theory clearly postulates that the present industry or activity players seek to impact and ultimately take over the functioning of a regulated bureau or agency so that its affairs are directed towards benefitting the participants of such industry instead of the general public. Taking into account the regulatory environment of India, it is observable that the country is prone to several problems like taxation, foreign investment policy, entry options, etc. Furthermore, for the adoption of IFRS methods, the existing accounting standards of India are insufficient considering the requirements of being a global brand in such competitive environment (Sharp, 2014). These character traits shed light that India as a regulatory environment is easily prone to be captured. Besides, the regulato rs of Indian economy who desire maximum number of votes in the elections are the ones who can become the regulated. This is the reason why the relationship betwixt AERB and NPCIL are been reflected. It clearly shows that there are transfer of jobs betwixt such regulated and the regulator. In addition, funding of the AERB also comes from the Department of Atomic Energy. Therefore, India as a regulatory environment is surely prone to capture theory because the Indian government prioritizes economic interests instead of the welfare of the Indian public. This is the reason why AERB has failed to discharge its duties towards the general public (Sharp, 2014). Moreover, the dispute settlement issues that prevail in the regulatory environment of India also gives confidence to the government so that they can compromise the requirements of the general public for the betterment of the regulatory industry. In contrast to this, when it comes to Singapore, although there is one financial regulator MAS that governs all banking and financial regulations across the country, yet it must be taken into account that the MAS itself sits with the Singapore government. Furthermore, Singapore has also failed to adopt the best methods for IFRS and instead, it faces issues in relation to financial services. Nevertheless, there is always a risk of MAS becoming succumbed to groupthink or becoming politicized as a whole. Besides, the Singapore government has a better opportunity when it comes to capturing theory as it does not have to make arrangements with different industries and instead, only one major industry can allow it to gain a competitive advantage in the market that is not intended for the well-being of the general public (Thomas et. al, 2010). Therefore, these points shed light on the fact that the captured regulators objective is primarily based on self-interest and without powerful policie s and procedures in the countrys regulatory environment; the captured theory cannot be avoided. Overall, such capturing remains ongoing in a way that the regulations remain unfavorable to the interests of the players in the regulated industry but they attain the position of turning the situation around in a way that works for the benefit of the entire industry instead of the public. References Andrew Boon Leong, P. (2012). The Law of Contract in Singapore. Singapore: Academy Publishing Basu, N., Mishra, D. (2015, January 13). India suffers from an unpredictable regulatory environment: John Castellani. Retrieved from https://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/india-should-develop-a-robust-enforceable-legal-framework-through-the-proposed-national-ipr-policy-john-castellani-115011100257_1.html Christina D, R. (2008). Business Cycles. Oxford University Press Diane, C. (2014). GDP: A Brief but Affectionate History. Princeton University Press Gary Kok Yew, C., Pey Woan, L. (2011). The Law of Torts in Singapore. Singapore: Academy Publishing, Graham, D. (2006). Economics and Economic Change. Prentice Hall. Iyengar, R. (2015, September 13). India Has Overtaken the U.S. and China to Top Spot in a Key World Foreign Investment Table. Retrieved from https://time.com/4055183/india-fdi-greenfield-top-rank-u-s-china/ Li-ann, T. (2012). A Treatise on Singapore Constitutional Law. Singapore:Academic Publishing Mankiw, N. G., William M. S. (2011). Macroeconomics. Canadian ed, New York: Worth Mankiw, N.G., Taylor, M.P. (2011). Economics. Andover: Cengage Learning MAS. (2018). Monetary Authority of Singapore. Retrieved from https://www.mas.gov.sg/regulations-and-financial-stability/regulatory-and-supervisory-framework.aspx Panchal, S. (2016, August 7). India's tax, regulatory environment challenging: Foreign investors in PwC survey. Retrieved from https://www.forbesindia.com/article/special/indias-tax-regulatory-environment-challenging-foreign-investors-in-pwc-survey/44085/1 Potter, M.R. (2014). Capture Theory and the Public Interest: Balancing Competing Values to Ensure Regulatory Effectiveness. International Journal of Public Administration, 37, 638-645. https://doi.org/10.1080/01900692.2014.903266 Regine, F. (2012). Protectionism and Free Trade: A Countrys Glory or Doom? International Journal of Trade, Economics and Finance, 5(3), 55-62 Sharp, D. (2014). Introduction to Regulatory Capture Theory. Retrieved from https://economics.org.au/2014/02/introduction-to-regulatory-capture-theory/ Shenoy, George T.L., Loo, Wee Ling. (2009). Principles of Singapore Business Law. Singapore: Cengage Learning Asia Thomas, C.G., Soule, A.B., Davis, T.B. (2010). Special Interest Capture of Regulatory Agencies, A Ten?Year Analysis of Voting Behavior on Regional Fishery Management Councils, 38(3), 447-464. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-0072.2010.00369.x World Bank. (2014). World Development Indicators (WDI). World Bank